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Immigration Statistical Yearbooks contain this data about Romanians and Moldovans naturalized as US citizens per following fiscal years: According to the US Census' 2000 Demographic Profiles (RO,MD) and the Historical Census Statistics on the Foreign-born Population of the United States: 1850-1990 Population Division Working Paper No. 29 these are the numbers of Romanian-born (tab3, tab4) & Romanian speaking population (tab6) residing in the US across time: Year RO
NaturalizedMD
Naturalized2011(3) 4314 1398 2010(2) 4385 1235 2009(1) 4388 1239 2008($) 4515 1328 2007(?) 3986 1068 2006(&) 5484 988 2005(&) 4602 927 2004(&) 4388 711 2003(&) 3267 713 2002(&) 4014 919 2001(&) 3512 955 1999(&) 3577 1573 1999(&) 3268 1154 1998(&) 2238 574 1997() 3026 620 1996(^) 5242 390 1995(^) 3408 135 1994(^) 3503 42 1993(*) 2750 5 1992(*) 2489 - 1991(**) 3471 1990(**) 2914 1989(***) 2190 1988(***) 2060 1987(***) 1909
2-from 2010 Profiles
1-from 2009 Profiles
$-from 2008 Profiles
?-from 2007 Profiles
&-from 2006 yearbook (table 210)
^-from 2003 yearbook (table 32)
*-from 2001 yearbook
** - from 1999 yearbook (table 46)
*** - from 1996 yearbook (table 47)Year RO Born RO Spoken MD Born 2000 135905 19505 1990 91106 1980 66994 1970 70687 26055 1960 84575 38019 1950 1940 43120 1930 146393 56964 1920 102823 62336 1910 65923 42277 1900 15032 #-2003 Supplemental table 1 shows top states of Romanian naturalized citizens as: CA (709), IL (409), NY (349), MI (171), OR (168), WA (164), GA (159), AZ (148), FL (131), TX (108), PA (103), etc. For Moldova, the numbers are: NY (228), CA (148), WA (76), PA (48), etc. Table 2 shows distribution by MSA and granted permanent residence status in 2003. Top MSAs for the 3655 Romanians were: Chicago (373), New York (319), Detroit (264), LA (125), Seattle (124), Ft Lauderdale (113), Ft Lauderdale (113), Cleveland (112), Atlanta (101), etc. For the 1151 Moldovans: Sacramento (171), New York (100), Portland (82), Seattle (66), Minneapolis (58), Philadelphia (48), etc.
The 2001 Statistical Yearbook mentions that 13039 Moldovans and 75832 Romanians received asylum green cards between 1946-2001, that 218 Moldovans and 2818 Romanians entered the US in 2001 on study visas, that 105 Moldovans and 1457 Romanians resided in the US in 2001 on H-1B visas. It and the 2002 Statistical Yearbook also contains the following data about Romanian immigrants to the US:[Table 2] Years Immigrants from RO 1820-1880 N/A 1881-1890 6348 1891-1900 12750 1901-1910 53008 1911-1920 13311 1921-1930 67646 1931-1940 3871 1941-1950 1076 1951-1960 1039 1961-1970 2531 1971-1980 12393 1981-1990 30857 1991-2000 51203 1998 4833 1999 5417 2000 6521 2001 6224 2002 4525 1820-2002 266793 Year RO(nonimmigrants) MD(nonimmigrants) 2003^ 48325 2839 2002$ 48478 2647
[Table 3] which includes adjustments Year RO-born immigrants MD-born immigrants 1989** 4573 N/A 1990** 4647 N/A 1991 8096 N/A 1992 6500 1705 1993 5601 2646 1994 3444 2260 1995 4871 1856 1996 5801 1849 1997 5545 1347 1998 5112 562 1999 5686 754 2000 6879 1273 2001 6649 2077 2002 4903 2109 2003** 3663 1151 2004** 4557 1488 Year RO-green cards MD-green cards 2002 2351 1846 Year RO(H/J/L visas) MD(H/J/L visas) 2003* 7092 627
** - 2004 Statistical Yearbook (table 3)$ - 2002 Statistical Yearbook (supplemental table 615A). Top states for Romanians: NY (7155), FL (5474), CA (5146), IL (2906), MI (2355), NJ (1648), TX (1631), PA (1337), MA (1336), OH (1312), WA (1233), DC (1096), GA (1076), etc. For Moldavians, the top states are: NY (329), DC (238), CA (212), FL (157), VA (122), TX (112), MA (106), PA (102), etc. - 1990 Census Language Use Table 5 data places Romanian as the 36th most common foreign language in the USA with 65,265 persons speaking it at home.
- Many Romanians took advantage of the Diversity Visa (Section 203(c) of The Immigration & Naturalization Act
created under the
Public Law 101-649 Immigration Acy of 1990, Sect.131 (see also 1995-2011 State Dept counts shown in parens below; also 2007-2013 applicant stats by country; Romania is one of the top 10 countries for fiscal years 1995-2006)
):
- FY 1995: (2727); Moldova: (153)
- FY 1996: 2971 (1933); Moldova: 310 (192)
- FY 1997: 3769 (2667); Moldova: 216 (102)
- FY 1998: 4307 (3026); Moldova: 282 (166)
- FY 1999: 3693 (3268); Moldova: 334 (185)
- FY 2000: 3494 (2460); Moldova: 418 (198)
- FY 2001: 2370 (1899); Moldova: 269 (151)
- FY 2002: 1357 (953); Moldova: 461 (173)
- FY 2003: 1636 (1425); Moldova: 418 (244)
- FY 2004: 1845 (1147); Moldova: 574 (325)
- FY 2005: 2521 (1515); Moldova: 383 (193)
- FY 2006: 1716 (1258); Moldova: 285 (152)
- FY 2007: 1255 (893); Moldova: 273 (163)
- FY 2008: 1526 (876); Moldova: 474 (279)
- FY 2009: 757 (343); Moldova: 542 (273)
- FY 2010: 674 (366); Moldova: 724 (399)
- FY 2011: 821 (482); Moldova: 894 (582)
- FY 2012: 1327; Moldova: 1238
- FY 2013: 711; Moldova: 1330
- The Immigration Fact Sheet lists Romania on two of the top ten lists:
- 8th on the list of highest percentage naturalized of 1977 cohort through 1995 (INS Statistical Yearbook '96, Chapter 5, Table 57, page 33) ): 67.7%
- 6th on the list of most refugees approved for 1981-1996: 38,567
- Romanian/Moldavian legal emigration to California according to the "Legal Immigration To California" reports (FFY84-94 Summary report,
FFY96,
FFY97/98,
FFY99,
FFY00,
FFY01,
FFY02):
Year 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 RO 1222 1553 1558 966 980 1123 1010 1477 1645 1206 669 989 828 824 754 911 986 774 MD 261 308 107 107 254 572 575
- FFY1972-98 detailed ethnic US immigration data is available from NTIS for $305 for any one year in the range or $454 for three contiguous years or $891 for {FY72-79 or FY90-98} or $1029 for FY80-891.
- According to the 1990
US Census
STF3C P33-35 data files, out of 248.7M USians (15.5% sample rate) there were
- at least 160,000 Americans of full Romanian decent (P35),
- another 230,000 of primarily Romanian decent (P33) and
- another 129,000 of some Romanian decent (P34) in the US!
- US Census' CPH-L-149 Selected Characteristics for Persons of Romanian Ancestry: 1990 has many interesting stats about Romanian Americans. For example, there were 235,774 Romanian Americans in 1990. Of the 108,075 households, the size of the household breaks down as following: 27.8% were alone, 36.6% of 2 persons, 15.1% of 3 persons, 12.5% of 4 persons, and 8% of 5 or more persons. Out of 48,154 Romanian Americans enrolled in school, 55.7% were enrolled in 1-12 grade levels, and 38.5% in college. Out of 179,715 were over the age of 25, 82.7% completed at least high school, 35.6% had bachelor's degree or higher and 18.1% had graduate degree or higher. Of the 119,750 employed persons 16 years and over, 41.4% occupied managerial and professional positions, 30.8% technical, sales and administrative, and 10.4% were self-employed.
- As of 2000 Census SF3 P16-P19 data, out of 281.4M Americans (15.4% sample rate) there were 267,388 (P16) who claimed Romanian as their first ancestry, 99,922 (P17) as their second ancestry and 367,310 (P18) in total with Romanian ancestry. As of 2000, about 135,966 (P19) people in US were born in Romania.
P3A=sample size in %
A few maps (USA:1+2, Chicago, NY, Boston, Seattle, DC) of US 1990 Census ancestry distributions are available in California State University's Dept of Geography Electronic Map Library.
Here is a partial list of American top cities, all states and the data about Romanian ancestry from the 1990 and 2000 US Censi: - The book Family Names, by J.N.Hook, ISBN0-02-552100-4, has a whole chapter on Romanians in USA, Chapter 22: Romanian Rhapsodies (pp.202-206). The Romanian Classroom at U of Pittsburgh is mentioned. One of the sources used by this book is Vladimir Wertsman's The Romanians in America (Amazon.com lists about 9 books on this topic). People mentioned:
- Samuel Damian, a Transylvanian priest, who met with Benjamin Franklin in 1748.
- George Pomutz, who became brigadier general for the Union in the Civil War and consul general to Russia after the war.
- Petru Glafirescu opened in 1901 "the first Romanian restaurant in New York"
- Ștefan Serghiescu was "professor of mathematics at Columbia University" in 1945, according to priest Vasile Hatigan.
- Iosif Ivanovici(1845-1902), composer of the "Anniversary Waltz" or "Waves of the Danube".
- Mircea Vasiliu, humorist, who wrote Which Way to the Melting Pot? in 1963 about his attempt to integrate in the US.
- Leuca, Mary. "Development in Ethnic Heritage Curriculum: A Case Study of Rumanian Americans in Lake County, Indiana.", Ph.D. dissertation, Purdue University, 1979.